Colombian special forces have been deployed to the conflict-ridden Catatumbo region to counter renewed violence between armed rebel groups, the National Liberation Army (ELN) and dissident factions of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC). The groups, vying for control of lucrative drug routes, have ended a truce, resulting in over 100 deaths and displacing more than 20,000 people. About a thousand refugees have fled to Venezuela, while others remain trapped or kidnapped amid the chaos. President Gustavo Petro has declared a state of emergency and suspended peace talks with the ELN, accusing them of war crimes. The Catatumbo region, producing 15% of Colombia's coca crop, remains a flashpoint for organised crime. The recent unrest revives memories of Colombia’s decades-long civil war, which claimed 450,000 lives. The UN has called for an immediate halt to the violence and protection for civilians, as military forces move to reestablish state control in affected areas.