On 15 March the United States issued sanctions on 19 Russian individuals and five Russian groups, including Moscow’s intelligence services, for meddling in the 2016 US election and malicious cyber-attacks. They said there would be additional sanctions against Russian government officials and oligarchs ‘for their destabilising activities’, but did not give a time frame for those sanctions, which would sever the individuals’ access to the US financial system. Those targeted by the new sanctions include the Russian nationals and entities who adopted false online personas to push divisive messages, travelled to the United States to collect intelligence, and staged political rallies while posing as Americans. The action blocks all property of those targeted that is subject to US jurisdiction, and prohibits American citizens from engaging in transactions with them.